If music be the food of educational excellence, بازی بر روی استاد Botstein. من بیش از مرگ Liebe DER ریچارد اشتراوس دانائه در بارد Summerscape را 2011.
که فشار دوباره استاد, آن را به حال سقوط در حال مرگ. It came o’er my ear like the sweet sound of newly arriving Bard freshman eager to experience this spectacular operatic production (comedy, romance and drama set against Strauss’s brilliant orchestral score), whilst relishing other rich works of literature and honing their writing skills in this, their first fantastical college orientation.
Enough, no more of this brevity.
Let us speak of even greater things with the innovative educator and president of Bard College, لئون Botstein: a man who understands the juxtaposition of art and education better than any; a pioneer in linking American higher education with public secondary schools; a principal conductor of the American Symphony Orchestra; a conductor laureate of the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra; a founder and artistic director of the world renowned Bard Music Festival; but perhaps most intriguing of all, a man who earlier this year described himself on the Colbert report as “well brought up.”
چه نوع از سیستم آموزشی کشور اجازه دارای مهارت انسانی مورد نیاز برای رقابت در سطح جهانی?
The educational skills that will enable a nation to compete in the economy of the 21st century include the capacity (1) to reason using the language of argument, تحلیل, and interpretation, (2) to observe and recall the visual and auditory experience of daily life and formulate it in unusual and perceptive ways, (3) to understand the character and conduct of science, including computation, (4) to perceive beauty independent of fashion and popular taste, و (5) to construct and critique historical claims so as to fashion a notion of history.
These skills can be developed in a nation’s population fairly and throughout all social classes only through a public system that permits competition and diversity. The expectations of all children in a nation should be the same, as should the opportunities. In an equitable, democratic system of education that reconciles excellence with equity, the outcomes will, اما, not be uniform. But all will benefit from high expectations.
نظر شما از تست استاندارد شده است?
Standardized testing is an instrument of convenience for politicians. Its use for educators is as an indication of aggregate effectiveness. Its results are useless to the individual test taker. در ایالات متحده, standardized testing is a cruel disease perpetrated by policy makers and educators alike that separates learning from testing. The nation needs a new generation of testing instruments. Testing is crucial to achievement in the classroom. Tests must be frequent, designed by teachers, and involve immediate responses to the test taker sufficiently rapid as to make testing useful to learning. We need to understand the mistakes we make as we make them in order to learn from them. Current standardized testing in the United States does not meet that crucial criterion.
اگر تعمیم امکان پذیر است, چه عناصر از مزیت از سیستم های فعلی از دست رفته?
The current system of education fails most decisively in its inability to sustain the natural curiosity of children. This is most evident in the failure of the American system to teach science. Every child is curious about the natural world, but schooling dampens that enthusiasm by exposing children to teaching based in ignorance and the idea that science is about facts and formulas. Curiosity and love of learning fail to be nurtured in our system of formal schooling. بنابراین, ambition and desire for individual achievement are inevitably thwarted.
What is the state of emotional well-being among U. S. دانش آموزان?
One of the consequences frequently overlooked when we contemplate the failure of our education system is its effect on individuals whom the system has failed, which represents at least 50% of the population. Not only are their prospects for employment damaged, but they are also understandably and legitimately angry. Their anger is based in the correct inference that they have been shortchanged. Even the most steadfastly anti-intellectual and poorly educated individual retains his or her pride. Such individuals know that they live in a society increasingly dependent on counter-intuitive knowledge and skills that they do not have, rendering them vulnerable to widespread unemployment and underemployment. This recognition breeds resentment and rage as well as other symptoms of acute emotional distress. Resentment and frustration find an outlet in a politics of intolerance marked by allegiance to irrational beliefs that threaten our constitutional foundations of freedom and dissent. The failure of the educational system will be most visible in the growth of this form of reactionary politics that is little more than an expression of fear about what the future holds.
آیا تعریف شما از تعالی آموزشی را به حساب کیفیت زندگی افراد و جامعه, از جمله دستاوردهای هنری و فرهنگی آن?
The overall ambition of the Obama administration has been entirely admirable. Given the political opposition to public education that defines much of the policy conversation in the Republican Party, it is hard to muster enthusiasm for any criticism of Obama. One might wish for less emphasis on testing and charter schools. But if there is one area in which American policy makers on both sides of the political divide have consistently failed to consider, it is the significance of the arts and the importance of cultivating in children and young adults not only aesthetic sensibilities but also skills in the arts.
The immense pressure in economic terms on all public services, از جمله آموزش و پرورش, has led to the belief that the essentials in education do not include the arts. The arts have long been regarded as supplemental and discretionary to the rigorous study of mathematics, علم, انگلیسی, و تاریخ. It is ironic that in order to cultivate achievement and ambition in mathematics and science, مثلا, one has to find ways to develop a variety of skills and habits that correlate, with striking regularity, to the impact of serious education in the arts. This impact includes discipline, the capacity for sustained independent work, the cultivation of memory, the use of the imagination, and the ability to conceptualize and to take risks and intuitive leaps.
تاریخ و زمان آخرین اما نه کم, the arts sharpen one’s powers of observation and perception. Far from being decorative, the arts are crucial to the development of the parallel cognitive abilities associated with doing science and becoming competitive in the workplace. This is the reason why so many of the nations with whom we compare poorly in the learning of mathematics and science — ژاپن, کشور کره, چین, و فنلاند — all happen to have highly developed and effective programs of arts education that reach the entire population. The overwhelming preponderance of data regarding the correlation between learning and instruction in the arts concerns music — singing and playing instruments in a manner that requires familiarity with negotiating musical notation. But the same argument extends to the visual arts, especially in the age of the computer. The whole concept of design in terms of computer software, and in industrial design, مثلا, implies, properly so, an aesthetic component.
Indispensible in the educational definition of the arts is a recognition of the evolution over time of cultural taste. Understanding one’s own culture and society as well as those of others is crucial to perceiving opportunity. This capacity for perception seems to be indispensible, مثلا, to the analysis of markets and needs in any economy.
The challenge facing educators is enormous. The streak of anti-intellectualism in American life that has been a factor in our politics since the 19th century, has not at all diminished. The success of America in the 20th century gave it a premature sense of its superiority and entitlement. For the nation to regroup, develop a sense of common purpose, and compete, a renewed commitment to public universal education is indispensible. It is the one public good to which all should be able to agree. Our common heritage and future are at stake. No individual or elite group can hope to escape the dire economic and political consequences of the continued deterioration of our educational standards and achievements. A broad-based renewal of public education is an indispensible condition of America’s survival as a productive and free society with an enviable standard of living for all.
حکمت جهانی
The expectations of all children in a nation should be the same, as should the opportunities.
در ایالات متحده, standardized testing is a cruel disease perpetrated by policy makers and educators alike, that separates learning from testing.
If there is one area in which American policy makers on both sides of the political divide have consistently failed to consider, it is the significance of the arts and the importance of cultivating in children and young adults not only aesthetic sensibilities but also skills in the arts.
No individual or elite group can hope to escape the dire economic and political consequences of the continued deterioration of our educational standards and achievements. A broad-based renewal of public education is an indispensible condition of America’s survival as a productive and free society with an enviable standard of living for all.
در جهانی جستجو برای آموزش و پرورش, من و پیوستن به رهبران فکری در سطح جهان شناخته جمله سر مایکل باربر (UK), دکتر. مایکل بلوک (ایالات متحده), دکتر. لئون Botstein (ایالات متحده), استاد خشت کریستنسن (ایالات متحده), دکتر. لیندا عزیزم، هاموند (ایالات متحده), دکتر. Madhav Chavan (هند), پروفسور مایکل فالن (کانادا), پروفسور هوارد گاردنر (ایالات متحده), پروفسور اندی هارگریوز (ایالات متحده), پروفسور ایوان هلمن (هلند), پروفسور کریستین Helstad (نروژ), ژان Hendrickson (ایالات متحده), پروفسور رز Hipkins (نیوزیلند), استاد کورنلیا Hoogland (کانادا), جناب جف جانسون (کانادا), خانم. شانتال کافمن (بلژیک), دکتر. Eija Kauppinen (فنلاند), دولت Tapio Kosunen وزیر (فنلاند), پروفسور دومینیک لافونتن (بلژیک), پروفسور هیو لادر (UK), پروفسور بن لوین (کانادا), پروردگار کن مک دونالد (UK), پرفسور بری McGaw (استرالیا), Shiv در نادار (هند), استاد R. Natarajan (هند), دکتر. PAK NG (سنگاپور), دکتر. دنیس پاپ (US), Sridhar Rajagopalan (هند), دکتر. دایان Ravitch (ایالات متحده), ریچارد ویلسون رایلی (ایالات متحده), سر کن رابینسون (UK), استاد PASI Sahlberg (فنلاند), استاد Manabu ساتو (ژاپن), آندریاس Schleicher (PISA, OECD), دکتر. آنتونی Seldon (UK), دکتر. دیوید شافر (ایالات متحده), دکتر. کیرستن همهجانبه هستند (نروژ), صدراعظم استفان Spahn (ایالات متحده), ایو Theze (فرانسه دبیرستان فرانسوی ایالات متحده), پروفسور چارلز Ungerleider (کانادا), پروفسور تونی واگنر (ایالات متحده), سر دیوید واتسون (UK), استاد دیلن Wiliam (UK), دکتر. علامت گذاری Wormald (UK), پروفسور تئو Wubbels (هلند), پروفسور مایکل جوان (UK), و استاد Minxuan ژانگ (چین) به عنوان آنها در پرسش های بزرگ آموزش و پرورش تصویر است که تمام کشورهای امروز با آن مواجه بررسی. جهانی جستجو برای آموزش و پرورش انجمن صفحه
C. M. روبین نویسنده دو مجموعه آنلاین به طور گسترده به عنوان خوانده شده که او دریافت است 2011 جایزه آپتون سینکلر, "جهانی جستجو برای آموزش و پرورش" و "چگونه می خواهیم به عنوان خوانده شده?"او همچنین نویسنده سه کتاب پرفروش, محتوی رئال آلیس در سرزمین عجایب.
دنبال C. M. روبین در توییتر: www.twitter.com/@cmrubinworld
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